Shanghai yufang yixue (Nov 2022)

Serological evaluation of immune effect of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in adult population in Deqing County, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province

  • MAO Chuanwu,
  • CHEN Yingfeng,
  • ZHANG Li,
  • XIE Yuyang,
  • DONG Xiaolian,
  • JIANG Lufang,
  • JIANG Qingwu

DOI
https://doi.org/10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2022.22105
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 34, no. 11
pp. 1118 – 1122

Abstract

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ObjectiveTo investigate the specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody in adults and above after initial vaccination with inactivated COVID-19 vaccine, and determine the influencing factors.MethodsIn this study, residents aged 18 and above who had completed two doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in Deqing County, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province were included. Information such as gender, age, type of vaccine and vaccination time were collected, and serum specimens were sampled. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD) antibody was quantitatively examined by enzyma-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and influencing factors were determined.ResultsThe median concentration of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody in the residents vaccinated with an inactivated booster vaccine was higher than that in those vaccinated with only two doses of COVID-19 vaccine or single dose (P<0.05). The median concentration of IgG antibody in males was 9.73 (4.01‒23.70) RU‧mL-1, lower than 17.76 (7.07‒49.23) RU‧mL-1 in females (P<0.05). The median concentration in the residents vaccinated with BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) was 6.53 (0.97‒13.69) RU‧mL-1, which was lower than that in those vaccinated with CoronaVac (Sinovac) that was 17.29 (8.54‒43.73) RU‧mL-1 (P<0.05). The median concentration in those with BBIBP-CorV was also lower than 12 (5.45‒40.06) RU‧mL-1 in those with heterologous booster vaccine (P<0.05). The median concentration was 9.73 (3.83‒23.63) RU‧mL-1 in the residents with an interval of more than 6 months from the second dose, which was lower than 14.66 (6.36‒35.98) RU‧mL-1 in those with an interval of 3‒6 months (P<0.05). Moreover, immune effect was better in females (χ²=16.464, P<0.05), 18‒45 years (χ²=7.158, P<0.05), and those vaccinated with CornaVac (χ²=49.637, P<0.05), while decreased in those with an interval of more than 6 months from the second dose (χ²=8.447, P<0.05).ConclusionGender, age, and type of vaccine may affect the effect of immunization. The COVID-19 vaccination shows an acceptable immunogenicity in adults; however, it declines in 6 months after vaccination. It warrants strengthening the booster vaccination to maintain the immune response.

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