Communication of subcutaneous, visceral, periaortic, epicardial fat and metabolic parameters with arterial stiffness in young people with abdominal obesity

Abstract

Obesity plays a key role in the epidemic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Most studies confirm the association of increased arterial stiffness with obesity. However, the interrelation of various fat depots with one of the main indicators of vascular wall stiffness - the cardiovascular vascular index (CAVI) is currently not clear. The purpose of this study is to assess arterial stiffness in people with abdominal obesity without metabolic syndrome (MS) and with MS, the connection of fat depots (visceral, subcutaneous, perivascular, epicardial fat) with the stiffness parameter CAVI. Materials and methods. 68 people with abdominal obesity (AO) at the age of 18-45 years. The study included height, weight, BMI, waist circumference, and biochemical blood tests (fast glucose and glucose tolerance, uric acid, creatinine, GFR - MDRD, lipid profile, insulin, HOMA-IR). 24-hour blood pressure monitoring, computed tomography (Aquilion One Vision Edition, Toshiba, Japan) with the definition of subcutaneous, visceral, perivascular, epicardial fat, and also calculated the ratio subcutaneous to visceral fat. It was determined CAVI on the VaSera 1000 unit (Fukuda Denshi, Japan) to assess arterial stiffness. Abdominal obesity was derteming by cut off waist circumference >80 cm for women and >94 cm for men. As a result, we were formed 2 groups: persons with abdominal obesity and the presence of no more than one additional risk factor (metabolically healthy) - group 1, persons with MS (abdominal obesity in combination with 2 and more extra risk factors) - group 2, the control group consisted of healthy individuals (n=15) without obesity - group 0. Results. There was no statistically significant difference between CAVI groups. Correlations of CAVI with age r=0.340 (p=0.005), with daytime mean systolic blood pressure - SBPm average (r=0.280, p=0.021) and with mean diastolic blood pressure - DBPm average (r=0.329, p=0.006), with night SBPm average (r=0.233, p=0.014) and with DBPm average (r=0.297, p=0.014), with the volume of periaortic fat (r=0.218, p=0.074) were found. An inverse correlation was found between CAVI and BMI (r=-0.279, p=0.021), with subcutaneous fat depot (r=-0.285, p=0.019) and with the ratio of subcutaneous to visceral fat (r=-0.303, p=0.012). According to the multivariate regression analysis, the most significant impact on CAVI is exerted by age, daytime SBPm, BMI, and the volume of periaortic fat

Keywords

• metabolic syndrome
• fat depots
• vascular stiffness
• arterial hypertension
• obesity
• overweight