Economic Analysis of <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i> Inoculation Associated with Enhanced-Efficiency Nitrogen Fertilizers in Corn Production in the Brazilian Amazon
Leonardo José Damasceno,
Vinicius Masala Amaral,
Daiane de Cinque Mariano,
Raylon Pereira Maciel,
Cândido Ferreira de Oliveira Neto,
Antônio Augusto Nogueira Franco,
Ismael de Jesus Matos Viégas,
Augusto José Silva Pedroso,
Pedro Henrique Oliveira Simões,
Ricardo Shigueru Okumura
Affiliations
Leonardo José Damasceno
Parauapebas Campus, Federal Rural University of Amazônia, Parauapebas City 68515-000, Pará State, Brazil
Vinicius Masala Amaral
Parauapebas Campus, Federal Rural University of Amazônia, Parauapebas City 68515-000, Pará State, Brazil
Daiane de Cinque Mariano
Parauapebas Campus, Federal Rural University of Amazônia, Parauapebas City 68515-000, Pará State, Brazil
Raylon Pereira Maciel
Parauapebas Campus, Federal Rural University of Amazônia, Parauapebas City 68515-000, Pará State, Brazil
Cândido Ferreira de Oliveira Neto
Parauapebas Campus, Federal Rural University of Amazônia, Parauapebas City 68515-000, Pará State, Brazil
Antônio Augusto Nogueira Franco
Passos Campus, State University of Minas Gerais, Passos City 37900-106, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Ismael de Jesus Matos Viégas
Parauapebas Campus, Federal Rural University of Amazônia, Parauapebas City 68515-000, Pará State, Brazil
Augusto José Silva Pedroso
Castanhal Campus, Federal Institute of Pará, Castanhal City 68740-970, Pará State, Brazil
Pedro Henrique Oliveira Simões
Sinop Campus, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Sinop City 78550-728, Mato Grosso, Brazil
Ricardo Shigueru Okumura
Parauapebas Campus, Federal Rural University of Amazônia, Parauapebas City 68515-000, Pará State, Brazil
The aim of this study was to economically estimate the effect of inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense (A. brasilense) associated with enhanced efficiency nitrogen fertilizers on corn yield cultivated in the Brazilian Amazon. The experimental design used was completely randomized, in a 2 × 3 × 5 factorial scheme, resulting from the combination of the presence and absence of seeds inoculated with A. brasilense, three sources of N (conventional urea, urea with NBPT, N-(n-butyl)thiophosphoric triamide, and polymer-coated urea), and five doses of N (0; 50; 100; 150; and 200 kg ha−1 of N), with six replications. Inoculation with A. brasilense promoted profit in corn, regardless of dose and the source of N applied. The urea with NBPT provided better economic return compared to polymer-coated urea and conventional urea sources, and doses of N applied in topdressing that promoted the highest economic return were 100 and 150 kg ha−1 of N, with an estimated increase of 62.33 and 135.53 bags ha−1 and increase of BRL 3253.76 and BRL 7074.88 respectively, compared to the control treatment.
