Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry (Dec 2023)
Prevalence, and Risk Indicators of Coronal and Root Caries in Mexican Older Adults in Nursing Homes
Abstract
Sandra Manuela Tepox-Puga,1 Jesús Alberto Rocha-Ortiz,1 Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solís,2 Roberto Carlos Castrejón-Pérez,3 Sergio Sánchez-García,4 Socorro Aída Borges-Yáñez5 1Dental School, National Autonomous University of Mexico, México City, México; 2Academic Area of Dentistry, Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca, Mexico; 3Department of Geriatric Clinical and Epidemiological Research, National Institute of Geriatrics, National Institutes of Health, México City, México; 4Epidemiological and Health Services Research Unit, Aging Area, National Medical Center “Siglo XXI”, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico; 5Department of Dental Public Health, Graduate and Research Division, Dental School, National Autonomous University of Mexico, University City, México City, MexicoCorrespondence: Socorro Aída Borges-Yáñez, Department of Dental Public Health, Graduate and Research Division, Dental School, National Autonomous University of Mexico, University City, México City, Mexico, Email [email protected] Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solís, Academic Area of Dentistry, Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca, Mexico, Email [email protected]: Several factors are associated with coronal and root caries in older persons. The purpose of this study was to determine the experience, prevalence, and risk indicators (socioeconomic, sociodemographic, and dental variables) of coronal and root caries in older persons residing in nursing homes in Mexico.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 227 dentate participants with natural teeth. Convenience sample, where all dentate residents were invited to participate. The dependent variables were coronal caries and root caries, which were determined through an oral clinical examination. The independent variables were sociodemographic factors, location, type of center, surfaces free of dental biofilm and calculus, surfaces with recession, retainers in contact with surfaces with recession, xerostomia, smoking, and the previous use of dental services. The binary logistic regression model was used in the analysis.Results: The mean age of the participants in this study was 77.7± 8.8 years, and 69.2% were women. Moreover, 71.8% live in long-term care facilities, and 48.0% live in Mexico City. The prevalence of coronal and root caries was found to be 67.8% and 50.7%, respectively. Being male and living in Mexico City were risk indicators for coronal caries, and with a 1% increase in surfaces with no biofilm, the risk decreased by 2%. Being widowed, having government or no social security, denture retainers, and coronal caries were risk indicators for root caries, while the utilization of dental services indicated lower risk.Conclusion: Several variables that differ in nature were found to be risk indicators for coronal and root caries. Coronal caries increases the risk of root caries. Prevention should be aimed at identifying persons at higher risk, and dental care should be improved for persons living in long-term care institutions.Keywords: root caries, dental caries, institutionalization, adult, cross-sectional study, prevalence, risk indicators
