Chemical Composition and Protective Possibilities of Juglans Nigra Leaves and Green Husks Extracts: DNA Binding and Micronucleus Assay in Human Lymphocytes
Katarina M. Rajković,
Miroslava Stanković,
Milan Markićević,
Gordana Zavišić,
Sanja Vranješ-Đurić,
Drina Janković,
Zorica Obradović,
Dalibor Stanković
Affiliations
Katarina M. Rajković
The Academy of Applied Preschool Teaching and Health Studies, Kosančićeva 36, 37000 Kruševac, Serbia
Miroslava Stanković
Nuclear Facilities of Serbia, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, Vinča, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia
Milan Markićević
Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia (IORS), Department of Radiotherapy Physics, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
Gordana Zavišić
Faculty of Pharmacy, University Business Academy Novi Sad, Trg mladenaca 5, 21101 Novi Sad, Serbia
Sanja Vranješ-Đurić
“Vinča” Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia, POB 522, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia
Drina Janković
“Vinča” Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia, POB 522, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia
Zorica Obradović
“Vinča” Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia, POB 522, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia
Dalibor Stanković
“Vinča” Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia, POB 522, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia
To better understand the mechanism of action of the compounds in the ethanolic extracts of J. nigra leaves and green husks, their binding to CT-DNA was investigated. This study was conducted to elucidate the in vitro protective effect of extracts against chromosomal damage in mitogen-induced human lymphocytes and investigate the possible application of selec+ted extracts as a natural source of polyphenolic compounds. Using HPLC-MS analysis, 103 different compounds were identified as having a higher number of active species, which is consistent with their activity. The frequency of micronuclei (MN) was scored in binucleated cells, and the nuclear proliferation index was calculated. Cyclic voltammetry experiments demonstrate that the nature of the interaction between extracts and CT-DNA is a synergy of electrostatic and intercalative modes, where leaves extracts showed a higher ability to bind to DNA. Extracts showed excellent antioxidant activity. At a concentration of only 4 µg/mL, extract of J. nigra leaves and the green husks reduced the incidence of MN by 58.2% and 64.5%, respectively, compared to control cell cultures.
