Prevalence of Various Types of Cancers and an Observational Study of Various Haemoglobin Levels in Different Grade of Cancer: A South Indian Hospital Based Study

Abstract

Introduction: The status report on the global burden of cancer worldwide by the International Agency for Research on Cancer using GLOBOCAN 2018 estimated 18.1 million newer cancer cases and 9.6 million cancer deaths in 2018. Particularly, breast cancer ranks second according to incidence of cancers in women in the world. There is growing evidence that anaemia has an impact on treatment outcome, prognosis and survival of cancer patients. Aim: To assess the prevalence of different types of cancers and frequency of pre-diagnosed haemoglobin levels in cancer patients. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out for two months period between September 2017 and October 2017 in a Tertiary cancer care hospital, A South Indian hospital based study. A total of 90 patients were recruited into the study based on inclusion criteria. The collected data was analysed by calculating the percentage frequency. Results: Breast cancer (n=45, 50%), gastrointestinal cancers (n=14, 16%), urogenital cancers (n=14, 16%), Hodgkin’s lymphoma (n=5, 6%), non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (n=1, 1%), other advanced metastatic carcinomas (n=9, 10%), sarcomas (n=2, 2%) were reported. In our study population breast cancer patients were highly prevalent. In breast cancer patients, the maximum number of patients was diagnosed with Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma (IDC). In IDC patients, majority of patients were diagnosed in Grade II IDC. Conclusion: Prevalence of breast cancer patients was high in our study population of cancer patients. Most of the patients diagnosed in Grade II were found to have less haemoglobin levels while it was not observed in Grade I. Our result implies that anaemia could be one of the poor prognostic factors for cancer progression.

Keywords

• anaemia
• breast
• carcinoma
• infiltrating ductal carcinoma
• sarcoma