Comparison of Core Muscle Endurance, Balance, Posture, Trunk Proprioception, and Physical Activity Level in Healthy Individuals by Gender

Abstract

Objective: The characteristics of the musculoskeletal system that protect individuals from injuries include core stability, proprioception, balance, and postural smoothness. The purpose of this study was to present differences in terms of core muscle endurance, trunk proprioception, postural alignment, and balance in men and women. Methods: The study included 75 healthy volunteers [women n=37 (49.33%), men 38 (50.67%)] aged between 18-30. Trunk proprioception of individuals was evaluated using the digital inclinometer, postural alignment was evaluated with the New York Posture Assessment Method, core muscle endurance were evaluated with body flexion test, body extension test, side bridge test, and prone bridge test, balance was assessed with the Y balance test, and physical activity levels evaluated with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form. Results: No difference was found between men and women in terms of trunk proprioception and postural assessment scores (p>0.05). Physical activity levels (p<0.001), body flexion test (p=0.023), body extension test (p=0.038), side bridge test (p<0.001), prone bridge test (p<0.001), and balance scores (dominant side p=0.002, nondominant side p=0.003) of the men have higher values than women. Conclusion: The results of our study show that women have lower core muscle endurance and balance than men. It is important to improve these features as this may cause women to be more prone to injury.

Keywords

• gender
• balance
• core muscle endurance
• posture
• proprioception