Зерновое хозяйство России (May 2018)
Residual water deficit of winter wheat as one of the traits of drought tolerance
Abstract
Residual water deficit of winter wheat as one of the traits of drought tolerance The article presents the data of the amount of residual water deficit (RWD) of winter soft wheat in various stages of development and growing conditions. There have been found the varieties with a minimum increase (from 0.5% to 13.7%) of residual water deficit in a milk-ripe stage in comparison with a flowering stage (‘Asket’, ‘Lidiya’ and ‘Izyuminka’). It has been determined the effect of water stress on the productivity and elements of yield structure (weight of head, number of kernels per head, 1000-seed weight, density of productive stand). The varieties ‘Asket’, ‘Kapitan’, ‘Kaprizulya’ and ‘Lilit’ showed the least decrease of density of productive stand compared with the control. The variety ‘Krasa Dona’ and the line ‘352/11’ showed the maximum reduce of number of kernels per head on 44% and 40% respectively (compared with the control) and the sample ‘110/11’ showed the minimum decrease of the element (5%). The sample ‘1210/10’ showed the largest decrease of 1000-seed weight (35%), the minimum decrease of the trait was established for the samples ‘352/11’, ‘Kazachka’ and ‘110/11’ (9%, 15%, 10% respectively). The winter soft wheat varieties ‘Luchezar’ and ‘Kazachka’, the lines ‘110/11’ and ‘108/11’ produced the largest yields in dry conditions (301.8 g/m2, 268.5 g/m2, 305.2 g/m2, 296.8 g/m2 respectively). There has been carried out correlation of the indexes of residual water deficit of winter soft wheat with the amount of productivity in the conditions of insufficient moisture r=0.80 and in the conditions of optimal humidity r=0.32.
