Plant Glucosinolate Content and Host-Plant Preference and Suitability in the Small White Butterfly (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) and Comparison with Another Specialist Lepidopteran

Abstract

Glucosinolates are used in host-plant recognition by insects specialized on Brassicaceae, such as Pieris rapae L. (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). This research investigated the association between P. rapae oviposition and larval survival and host-plant glucosinolate content using 17 plant species in which glucosinolate content had previously been determined. Two-choice oviposition tests (comparing each plant species to Arabidopsis thaliana L.) and larval survival experiments showed that indolic glucosinolate content had a positive effect on oviposition preference and larval survival in P. rapae. In the host plants tested, the effects of indolic glucosinolates on oviposition preference and of glucosinolate complexity index and aliphatic glucosinolates without sulfur-containing side chains on total oviposition were smaller on P. rapae than on Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), another lepidopteran specialized on glucosinolate-containing plants. This study suggests that high indolic glucosinolate content could make crop plants more susceptible to both P. rapae and P. xylostella, but this effect seems to be greater for P. xylostella. Additionally, as some differences in oviposition and larval survival between P. rapae and P. xylostella occurred in some individual plants, it cannot be concluded that bottom-up factors are always similar in these two specialist insects.

Keywords

• abaxial leaf side
• adaxial leaf side
• Brassicales
• cabbage white
• diamondback moth
• glucosinolate diversity