Nano-Phytosome Drug Delivery System of Acanthus Illicifolius Leaves Extract: Characterization, Formulation and Evaluation

Abstract

Achantus Illicifolius plants are very rarely exploited but many are found to grow wildly in nature. If the conditions of the aquatic environment in Indonesia especially in Purworejo today, cranberry plant has potential as a phytotechnology. Phytosomes are a novel lipid-based delivery system that resemble liposomes in structure. They can be used to entrap various phytoconstituents based on polyphenols to enhance their absorption when administered. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential compounds of Acanthus illicifolius, jeruju extract containing nanophytosome formulation and physicochemical characterization. The test material was Achantus ilicifolius leaf obtained from the Purworejo Mangrove Conservation Center, Central Java, Indonesia. General tests for the presence of the following; flavonoid, Saponin, Terpenoid and Steroid were carried out. The bioactive compounds in the methanol extract of the leaves of Achantus Ilicifolius were identified using GC-MS. Nano-phytosomes were formulated by making three variations in the ratio of phosphatidylcholine starting from 24 mg (F1) : 48 mg (F2) : 71 mg (F3) with using the reflux method. Evaluation of nano-phytosomes includes particle size and zeta potential. The evaluation results show that the nano-phytosome particle size is around 122.7 nm – 193.5 nm. The nano-phytosome formula with the best adsorption efficiency is F3 with a weight ratio of phosphatidylcholine 71 mg, a particle size replication 1 of 120.7 nm, replication 2 of 121.6 nm, replication 3 of 125.8 nm and zeta potential -26,6.

Keywords

• nano-phytosome
• acanthus illicifolius
• formulation
• evaluation
• leaves extract
• drug delivery