Comparison of Phytochemical Composition, Antibacterial, and Antifungal Activities of Extracts from Three Organs of <i>Pistacia lentiscus</i> from Saudi Arabia

Maha Al-Zaben; Mayasar Al Zaban; Souheila Naghmouchi; Albandary Nasser Alsaloom; Nada Al-Sugiran; Ahlam Alrokban

doi:10.3390/molecules28135156

Molecules (Jul 2023)

Comparison of Phytochemical Composition, Antibacterial, and Antifungal Activities of Extracts from Three Organs of <i>Pistacia lentiscus</i> from Saudi Arabia

Maha Al-Zaben,
Mayasar Al Zaban,
Souheila Naghmouchi,
Albandary Nasser Alsaloom,
Nada Al-Sugiran,
Ahlam Alrokban

Affiliations

Maha Al-Zaben: Chemistry Department, King Saud University, P.O. Box 11495, Riyadh 11452, Saudi Arabia
Mayasar Al Zaban: Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
Souheila Naghmouchi: National Research Institute of Rural Engineering, Water, and Forestry, University of Tunis Carthage, Street of Hedi Karay BP.N°10, Ariana 2080, Tunisia
Albandary Nasser Alsaloom: Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
Nada Al-Sugiran: Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
Ahlam Alrokban: Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28135156
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 28, no. 13
p. 5156

Abstract

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This in vitro study focused on the antimicrobial activity of methanolic and aqueous extracts of three organs (stems, roots, and leaves) of Pistacia lentiscus against nine bacterial species, two fungal, and one yeast strain. A comparative study of the yield, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) composition, and polyphenol content of the different extracts was conducted. The obtained data showed that the yield of the methanolic extracts (between 13% and 33.3%) was greater than that of the aqueous extracts (between 10% and 18%). The highest yield recorded was in the presence of the methanolic leaf extract, followed by the stem and root extracts. Methanolic extracts are richer in polyphenols than aqueous extracts. Indeed, the highest content was observed in the leaf methanolic extract (28.4 mg GAE/g), followed by the stem (2.96 mg GAE/g), and then the root (2.62 mg GAE/g). HPLC revealed variability in the chemical compositions of the different methanolic extracts. The leaf extract was richer in phenolic acids and flavonoids than the stem and root extracts. Regarding antimicrobial activity, it was concluded that the different methanolic extracts of lentisk were more active than the aqueous extracts. In addition, the different methanolic extracts exhibited antimicrobial activity against all tested strains, despite their morphology and Gram-staining. Indeed, the maximum inhibition zones and the minimum inhibitory concentrations for the bacterial strains sensitive to the different methanolic extracts of the mastic tree were in the range of 7 to 11 mm and 12.5 to 25 µg/mL, respectively. In addition, these extracts showed greater inhibitory activity against the tested fungal strains (A. niger and A. flavus) and yeast (C. albicans) than against the bacterial strains. These extracts can be used to treat antimicrobial infections and as food preservatives.

Published in Molecules

ISSN: 1420-3049 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Science: Chemistry: Organic chemistry
Website: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/molecules

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