Catfish Fat Modification for Biobased Oils and Biolubricants

Abstract

This study used catfish fat by-products to synthesize bio-based oils and develop a bio-lubricant formula. FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopic analysis identified the main functional groups of materials and products. The TGA method and Rancimat tests were used to determine the samples' thermal and oxidation stability. The biodegradability of the samples was evaluated through tests to assess chemical oxidation demand (COD) and biological oxidation demand (BOD). Thermal stability and oxidation stability of polyol and polyester catfish oil products are higher than those of catfish fat material a lot, reaching values of 239 °C, 251 °C and 8.4 h, 12.6 h, equivalent to with SN150, and SN500 mineral base oils. Based on the SAE20W50 engine lubricant formulation, bio-lubricant formulations have been established with the replacement of mineral base oils by polyol oil and polyester catfish oil at values of 30 wt% and 40 wt%, but they not only have equivalent features compared to SAE20W50 lubricants but also have higher biodegradability, the BOD5/COD ratio value of the bio-lubricant blends reached at 0.49, 0.38 higher than that of mineral lubricant, as 0.23. Catfish fat by-product, which is readily available, and abundant, was used in the manufacturing of environmentally friendly products, that will develop sustainably.