Epidemiological characteristics of congenital heart disease in infants from 2009 to 2018 in Chongming District， Shanghai

Abstract

ObjectiveTo describe the incidence and distribution characteristics of congenital heart disease in newborns， and to analyze the trend of the notification rate from 2009 to 2018 in Chongming District， Shanghai.MethodsBased on the shanghai birth defects surveillance system， newborns delivered in all medical institutions in Chongming District from 2009 to 2018 were examined for congenital heart disease at birth and followed up to 42 days. The notification rate and trends of various congenital heart diseases were described.ResultsThere were 548 cases of neonatal congenital heart disease in Chongming District from 2009 to 2018， and the notification rate was 20.11‰ （95%CI： 18.47‰-21.85‰）， with statistically significant differences between years during the study period （Z=10.616， P<0.001）. The four most common types of congenital heart disease were patent ductus arteriosus （313， 11.49%）， patent foramen ovale （312， 11.45%）， atrial septal defect （88， 3.64%） and ventricular septal defect （73， 2.68%）. Majority of the congenital heart disease cases were patent ductus arteriosus and patent foramen ovale that could be further closed during growth and development. Isolated patent ductus arteriosus and isolated patent foramen ovale accounted for 18.61% and 23.18% respectively of the total cases.ConclusionThe notification rate of congenital heart disease in Chongming District shows a trend of fluctuating decline followed by an increase. Community follow-up and outcome tracking should be strengthened for children with congenital heart disease， especially those with patent ductus arteriosus or patent foramen ovale.

Keywords

• infant
• congenital heart disease
• surveillance
• epidemic characteristic
• trend analysis