HISTAMINE IN THE STOMACH: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE

Abstract

Despite the fact that investigations of histamine started in the beginning of the last century by Leon Popelski, within next hundred years and till now this biogenic amine is in the field of interests of many researchers. The studies of the turnover of histamine, its mechanism of effect on the secretory cells of the stomach, determination of types and localization of the receptors on membranes of different cells, envolvement in pathochemical processes and application of selective receptors blockers enabled to state the significant role of histamine in the organism. Inhibitors of proton pump (IPP) cause hypergastrinemia, hyperplasia of enterochromaffin endocrine cells and risk of developing neuroendocrine tumor in patients with gastritis, caused by H. pylori and cancer development in patients who have susceptibility to Barrett’s oesophagus. Against a background of chronical IPP use in patients with pernicious anemia and chronic gastritis is also marked an increased risk of gastric neuroendocrine tumors. Regulation of interrelationship between key stimulators and inibitors of stomach secretion (acethylcholine, gastrin, histamine, somatostatin, prostaglandins) and their role in the processes of cytoprotection, cancerogenesis are one of the key questions of today.

Keywords

• histamine, gastrin, acethylcholine, ecl-cells, parietal cells, receptors to histamine, neuroendocrine stomach neoplasms