مسکن و محیط روستا (Oct 2023)
Examining the impact of architectural plan proportions on wind speed and temperature in natural ventilation wind catchers; Case study: Kerman city
Abstract
Natural ventilation is one of the most important factors in creating thermal comfort. Wind catchers, which are considered as important and historical elements of Iranian architecture, have been recognized as a passive cooling system. These cooling systems provide air conditioning for buildings through renewable energy sources such as wind, and are used to ensure comfort for individuals in hot and dry areas. Today, considering the increase in environmental pollution and the importance of non-renewable energy sources, the role of natural ventilation in building construction is important in terms of environmental compatibility. Additionally, due to the significance of wind catchers in creating natural ventilation, this research has focused on examining this functional element in architecture. The wind catchers in Kerman city are an example of energy saving by buildings in hot and dry climates. Therefore, by studying and understanding the precise, quantitative, and numerical aspects of how wind catchers function and behave, they can be considered as an effective step in achieving climate-adaptive design solutions. The present study assumes that in spaces where natural ventilation is provided by wind catchers, there can be a significant relationship between proportions and form of space on wind speed and performance, and compares the performance of wind catchers in selected samples with different forms, dimensions, and proportions to identify the optimal form for natural ventilation in contemporary architecture. The research method used in this study is descriptive-analytical, which first used library resources and photography, then observations of the studied buildings, and finally, CFD analysis using Design Builder software. The results of the analysis indicate differences in wind speed and performance in the studied samples with different forms and proportions, and after performing calculations, the optimal form in terms of performance and wind behavior has been determined.
