Frontiers in Psychology (Apr 2019)

Alternative Model of Personality Disorders (DSM-5) Predicts Dropout in Inpatient Psychotherapy for Patients With Personality Disorder

  • Mareike Busmann,
  • Johannes Wrege,
  • Andrea H. Meyer,
  • Franziska Ritzler,
  • Moira Schmidlin,
  • Undine E. Lang,
  • Jens Gaab,
  • Marc Walter,
  • Sebastian Euler,
  • Sebastian Euler

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00952
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 10

Abstract

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ObjectiveCriterion A serves as the fundamental diagnostic criterion of the Alternative Model of Personality Disorders in section III of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 5. Consisting of a self- and an interpersonal dimension, it defines the construct of personality functioning as a general and dimensional factor of personality disorders. This study aimed to explore criterion A along with well-established treatment dropout predictors, e.g., sociodemographic factors, personality disorder diagnosis, symptom severity, and the therapeutic alliance.MethodsThe sample consisted of 132 patients diagnosed with personality disorder in a psychotherapeutic inpatient treatment. Cox proportional hazard regression models and a lasso model were applied.Results28% of the sample prematurely discontinued treatment. The risk for dropout was 2.3 times higher for patients with high impairments in self-functioning as assessed with criterion A. Moreover, a positive therapist-rated therapeutic alliance was associated with a lower dropout risk.ConclusionThe study suggests criterion A is a useful clinical indicator by identifying patients with personality disorder with a higher risk for dropout. An individualized therapeutic approach for such patients might be required.

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