Die Verteilung von hochmolekularen Stoffen und von Zellfragmenten in flüssigen Phasenpaaren zur Fraktionierung

Abstract

The possibilities and the problems of fractionating high molecular substances and cell fragments with liquid phase pairs are discussed. Low molecular substances are now currently separated by countercurrent distribution. For high molecular substances, however, it is difficult to find suitable phase pairs. According to Brönsted the selectivity of fractionation by distribution must increase with the molecular weight. Nearly critical phases are best suited for macromolecular substances. Examples of such system are given for 3 types of substances: • Systems of organic solvents for the fractionation of synthetic polymers. They can be used alternatively for the separation according to molecular weight or according to chemical composition. • Phase pairs for the distribution of serum proteins. • Systems composed of two incompatible solutions of high polymer substances. They are especially useful for the separation of large particles like cell fragments, membranes and nucleic acids.