Functional role of the optineurin protein domains

Abstract

Optineurin (OPTN) is a multifunctional protein that interacts with a range of proteins to participate in various cellular functions. OPTN is associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as glaucoma and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. OPTN contains multiple protein domains that enable it to participate in a variety of cellular functions, including NF-κB regulation, membrane transport, exocytosis, vesicular transport, maintenance of Golgi apparatus morphology, cell cycle control, ubiquitination regulation, and autophagy. The diversity in structure and function of OPTN poses challenges for exploring its specific mechanisms in diseases. This article reviews recent literature on OPTN and summarizes the functional roles of various OPTN domains, providing insights and references for further understanding the roles of OPTN in neurodegenerative diseases.

Keywords

• optineurin
• protein domain
• autophagy
• ubiquitination