Visual Outcome and Complications of Manual Sutureless Small Incision Cataract Surgery with Foldable IOL-A Teaching Hospital Based Study

Abstract

Introduction: Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery (SICS) is an effective alternative to phacoemulsification surgery. SICS with single piece foldable Intraocular Lens (IOL) implantation ensures compulsory in the bag placement of IOL due to Continuous Curvilinear Capsulorrhexis (CCC). It is also associated with less chances of complications like after cataract because of the foldable lens implanted, giving it an upper edge over the SICS with rigid IOL implantation. Aim: To assess best spectacle corrected visual acuity at one month postoperative in cases who underwent SICS with foldable IOL and also to evaluate their complications. Materials and Methods: Prospective study conducted on 30 patients in Department of Ophthalmology, Bharati Medical College Deemed to be University and Hospital, Sangli for one month from August 2017 to September 2017. Preoperative examination of patients consisted of autokeratorefractometry, visual acuity, detailed slit lamp examination to rule out any significant anterior segment pathologies, type of cataract on the basis of morphology on slit lamp and applanation tonometry. A-scan was done by contact method and Fundus examination was done to rule out any posterior segment pathologies. At all follow-up visits i.e., at one week and one month patients underwent autorefractometry, visual acuity with corrected refractive correction, anterior and posterior segment evaluation on slit lamp to rule out any postoperative complications. The statistical analysis by Z-test was performed comparing the unaided visual acuity of patients preoperatively and postoperatively at one month. Results: The number of patients at post-operative one month were significantly less than preoperative for the visual acuity of (6/60-6/36). The Z-Score was 2.3355. The p-value was 0.01928. The result was significant at p<0.05. Conclusion: This study showed that manual SICS patients can have good visual outcome at the end of one month and when combined with the benefits of acrylic IOL it can be a long term solution to affordability issues related to the cataract surgery. Thus, the use of this combination technique can be a good tool in eliminating cataract from the developing world.

Keywords

• autorefractometry
• a-scan
• phacoemulsification
• posterior capsular opacification