PREREQUISITES TO IMPROVE THE SAFETY OF SMOKED FOODSTUFFS

Abstract

The conditions of the generation process of industrial smoking medium were studied in order to reduce the risk of the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon 3, 4-benzo (a) pyrene - a carcinogen of the 1st hazard class, one of the most active in terms of the formation and development of cancer cells in a living organism. The work was carried out on the basis of the use of modern research equipment and instruments. The main method for the determination of 3, 4-benz (a) pyrene was high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorimetric detection. The basis of this method is considering the fluorescence spectra of the sample solution of the investigated smoke, taken under the conditions of isokineticity at the exit of the smoke generator prior to mixing with air and a standard solution of 3, 4-benz (a) pyrene (standard). The absence of this carcinogen in the smoke, which was obtained at a temperature in the zone of generation of the Ya5-FKE smoke generator within 450 C ÷ 500 C was proven. It has been established that stabilization of the smoldering temperature in this range is possible due to a complex of measures: when using sawdust moistened to 35.0 ± 2.5%, obtained by fine grinding of deciduous trees (alder, birch without bark, oak, aspen) and juniper; maintaining the height of the layer of sawdust in the smoldering zone in the range from 0.06 m to 0.08 m with simultaneous mechanized loosening of the layer in order to increase its porosity and, as a result, a uniform distribution throughout the volume of fresh air, its consumption for decay of 1 kg of sawdust should be from 20 m3 / kg to 40 m3 / kg. It was determined that to purify the generated smoke from the ballast components (soot and tar) it is rational to use the method of water-inertial purifying. The absence of 3, 4-benz (a) pyrene in samples of the generated smoke was confirmed by its absence in the sample of a natural sausage casing separated from the cooked smoked sausage “Moskovska”, which according to the technology had been smoked in the said medium for 12 hours. The expediency of continuing research in the direction of determining technological methods to reduce the regulated carcinogenic PAH in smoked products has been proven.

Keywords

• benzo(a)pyrene
• generation
• smoke
• polycyclical
• temperature
• hydrocarbons