International Journal of General Medicine (Jun 2023)
Cystatin C as a Predictor of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Event in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Without Cardiogenic Shock and Renal Impairment After Coronary Intervention
Abstract
Trisulo Wasyanto,1 Ahmad Yasa,1 Yoga Yudhistira2 1Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University/Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia; 2Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Trisulo Wasyanto, Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University / Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Jl. Kol. Sutarto 132, Surakarta, Central Java, 57126, Indonesia, Email [email protected]: To prove that cystatin C is a predictor of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), either with ST-segment Elevation (AMI-EST) or without ST-segment elevation (AMI-NEST), without cardiogenic shock or renal impairment.Patient and Methods: This was an observational cohort study. Samples were obtained from AMI patients who underwent PCI between February 2022 and March 2022 at the Intensive Cardiovascular Care Unit. Cystatin C levels were measured before PCI. MACE were observed within 6 months. Comparisons between normally distributed continuous data were performed using the t-test; Mann–Whitney test was used for non-normally distributed data. Categorical data were compared using the chi-squared test. The cut-off point of cystatin C levels to predict MACE was analyzed using Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC).Results: The participants were 40 AMI patients, consisting of 32 patients (80%) with AMI-EST and eight patients (20%) diagnosed with AMI-NEST, who were evaluated for the occurrence of MACE within 6 months after PCI. Ten patients (25%) developed MACE during follow-up [(MACE (+)], and the rest were in the MACE (-) group. Cystatin C levels were significantly higher in the MACE (+) group (p=0.021). ROC analysis revealed a cystatin C level of 1.21 mg/dL; cystatin C > 1.21 is associated with MACE risk, showing a significant relationship with the odds ratio value reaching 26.00, with 95% CI (3.99– 169.24).Conclusion: Cystatin C level is an independent predictor of MACE in patients with AMI without cardiogenic shock or renal impairment after PCI.Keywords: cystatin C, acute myocardial infarction, coronary intervention, cardiovascular events
