Retos: Nuevas Tendencias en Educación Física, Deportes y Recreación (Jan 2025)

Development of Run-Balance-Swim-Balance (RBS) exercise model in physical education learning to improve physical literacy: a special study on the biak tribe

  • Ipa Kardi,
  • Daniel Womsiwor,
  • Saharuddin Ita,
  • Alimuddin,
  • Yahya Eko Nopiyanto,
  • Ibrahim,
  • Baharuddin Hasan,
  • Miftah Faris Prima Putra,
  • Ansar CS

DOI
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v65.110230
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 65

Abstract

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Introduction: The low level of physical literacy in Papua province needs to be addressed through physical education in schools. Therefore, this study developed an ethnography-based Run-Balance-Swim (RBS) exercise model for the Biak tribe. Objective: Improving physical literacy of students in Papua through the Run-Balance-Swim (RBS) exercise model. Methodology: A research and development method were used to produce an ethnographically appropriate training model for the Biak tribe. This study involved 100 elementary school students from the Biak tribe, which were divided into small-scale trial groups (n=30 students) and large-scale trials (n=70 students). Data were collected using expert validation instruments (content validation) and physical literacy observation questionnaire and physical literacy knowledge questionnaire (PLKQ) which were filled in by respondents during pretest and posttest. Data were analyzed using the N-Gain Score test to determine the effectiveness of the Run-Balance-Swim (RBS) training model. Results: The results of the small-scale trial were 79.09% (good), after revision in the large-scale trial obtained 88.37% (good) with a validity of 0.781. These findings indicate that the application of the exercise model with an ethnographic approach has a high effectiveness in improving the physical literacy of Biak tribe students with an N-Gain Score value of 0.807 (high) and an N-Gain Percent value = 80.73% (effective). Discussion: The results of this study are similar to previous studies which stated that running, balance training and swimming are effective in improving physical literacy. Conclusions: It is suggested that the Run-Balance-Swim (RBS) training model can be implemented by Physical education teachers in Papua, as an effort to improve physical literacy.

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