Elaboration and Characterization of Bioactive Films Obtained from the Incorporation of Cashew Nut Shell Liquid into a Matrix of Sodium Alginate
Larruama Vasconcelos,
Marthyna de Souza,
Juliana de Oliveira,
Edson Silva Filho,
André Silva,
Selma Elaine Mazzetto,
Elzânia Sales Pereira,
Ronaldo Lopes Oliveira,
Leilson Bezerra
Affiliations
Larruama Vasconcelos
Department of Animal Science, Animal Health and Science Graduate, Federal University of Campina Grande, Avenida Universitária, s/n-Jatobá, Patos 58708110, Brazil
Marthyna de Souza
Department of Animal Science, Animal Health and Science Graduate, Federal University of Campina Grande, Avenida Universitária, s/n-Jatobá, Patos 58708110, Brazil
Juliana de Oliveira
Department of Animal Science, Animal Health and Science Graduate, Federal University of Campina Grande, Avenida Universitária, s/n-Jatobá, Patos 58708110, Brazil
Edson Silva Filho
Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Piaui, Ininga, s/n, Teresina 64049550, Brazil
André Silva
Department of Animal Science, Animal Health and Science Graduate, Federal University of Campina Grande, Avenida Universitária, s/n-Jatobá, Patos 58708110, Brazil
Selma Elaine Mazzetto
Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Contorno Street, Fortaleza 60451970, Brazil
Elzânia Sales Pereira
Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, Av. Mister Hull, Fortaleza 60356000, Brazil
Ronaldo Lopes Oliveira
Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Adhemar de Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador 40170110, Brazil
Leilson Bezerra
Department of Animal Science, Animal Health and Science Graduate, Federal University of Campina Grande, Avenida Universitária, s/n-Jatobá, Patos 58708110, Brazil
The objective of this work was to obtain and characterize sodium alginate-based biopolymer films with the addition of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL). The study employed a completely randomized design, including 0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% inclusion of CNSL. Uniform formation of the films was observed, and the addition of CNSL provided better thermal resistance than did the treatment without inclusion, while the addition of CNSL reduced the homogeneity of the microstructure, especially for the 1.5% inclusion level. The permeability of the film increased as the level of CNSL increased, especially in response to the concentrations of 1% and 1.5%, and no significant difference in permeability was observed between these treatments. The tensile strength decreased proportionally as a function of the addition of CNSL, as its inclusion increased the elasticity and elongation of the films. In addition, the films with CNSL demonstrated strong antioxidant activity and discrete antimicrobial activity, and ecotoxicity analysis showed that the levels of CNSL tested and the films produced were nontoxic. Thus, these films are promising and self-sustainable alternatives for the agrifood industry.
