Quality of life using the EQ-5D-5L and the features of its dynamics among the orthopedic profile patients in outpatient program of physical therapy

Abstract

Aim. To define the quality of life in outpatients with the orthopedic profile disorders and to study its dynamics during the physical therapy course depending on the disorder localization and psychotype. Material and methods. The study involved 113 patients enrolled in a course of physical therapy at FESCO Medical Center in 2013–2015. Patients were grouped by the disorder localization and psychotype of the disease. The quality of life assessment was performed using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. The course of physical therapy consisted of 12–15 sessions (40–60 minutes; therapeutic physical exercises and mechanotherapy according to a complex ordered by a doctor), physiotherapy (magnetic therapy, electromyostimulation as instructed) and massage (7–8 procedures). The course duration was 5–6 weeks. Results. Statistically worse initial results were found in patients with lumbar disorders, disorders in the pelvic girdle and the lower extremity on the “mobility”, “pain/discomfort”, and EQ-VAS scales compared with patients who had upper-body disorders. Differences in “anxiety/depression” and EQ-VAS scales were obtained when dividing patients according to a psychotype. In patients with rational disease perception, the analysis of dynamics revealed better changes and final results on the “anxiety/depression” scale compared with the group of irrational psychotypes. The dynamics on other scales also showed benefits in patients with rational disease perception, although no significant. Conclusions. The data obtained indicate that not only localization but also features of disease perception affect the quality of life and the effectiveness of physical therapy. The prospects for further research are identifying directions to improve the dynamics through the introduction of new physical therapy tools and methods of their use as well as techniques of managing the physical therapy process.

Keywords

• physical rehabilitation
• therapeutic exercises
• activity
• patient participation
• functioning
• musculoskeletal disorders