THE HISTORICAL ROLE OF RELIGION AND NATIONALISM IN THE CONSTITUTIONS AND LAWS OF SYRIA, LEBANON AND TUNISIA

Abstract

People knew the laws and provisions with the arrival of the first human gathering to the stage of civilized society, which requires the formulation of provisions and laws to regulate various aspects of life and the formulation of rights, duties and penalties when committing violations and crimes. One of these laws is the Law of Eshnunna, which preceded the Code of Hammurabi over the years. The latter regulated various aspects of life and included provisions and laws developed by the rulers at that time and considered them to represent the will of the gods and obligated the people to implement them, making this law the first positive law.1 Religion has had a great and important place since the formulation of the first legal status by the rulers of ancient Iraq, and from here, we find the strength and historical relationship between law, religion, and nationalism, which has continued to this day.

Keywords

• religion
• sharia
• islam
• christianity
• legislation
• history