¿Revolucionarios o peronistas? Los años 1960-1970 en Argentina bajo el prisma de la categoría de populismo

Abstract

A series of debates continue to revolve around the phenomenon of politicization and militant radicalization that began during the 1960s. The categories of New Left, Revolutionary Left, and Revolutionary Peronism are used to account for such a process of student agitation and the creation of organizational frameworks with a revolutionary vocation to seize state power. The range of actors, networks and methods of contestation is nevertheless broader. This involves a variegated and sometimes heteroclite space of references and militant belongings. Peronism itself is transformed by such historical circumstances and by the advent of a political radicalism that seems to disrupt the foundations of discursive authority (Perón, the union order, a certain legitimate party status). Returning to some work on the subject in question, this proposal aims to go to the bottom of a discussion in which the processes referred to are addressed from the relevance or not of the category of populism. Is populism a relevant category to account for the period in question? Is it possible to think in terms of "populist militancy" or is it, on the contrary, a break in the events that calls into question the continuity of a classic version of the Peronist phenomenon? Between bibliographical reading and analysis of empirical manifestations, this text intends to establish the conceptual and methodological bases of such type of interrogation.

Keywords

• populism
• peronism
• armed struggle
• activism
• revolutionary militancy