Dengue-Related Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in an Adult: A Case Report and Brief Update

Abstract

Dengue virus is an arbovirus transmitted through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes. Many unusual clinical features are being reported in dengue. Dengue complicated with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare but potentially fatal condition. Here, we report an 18-year-old otherwise healthy female with dengue fever complicated with HLH. The diagnosis was made by fulfilling the clinical and laboratory criteria of HLH. She was managed successfully with a methylprednisolone pulse regimen. Our case highlights the importance of early recognition of complications and prompt treatment for a better outcome.

Keywords

• viral infection
• corticosteroids
• multiorgan failure
• hyperinflammatory state
• macrophage activation syndrome