Cogent Food & Agriculture (Jan 2021)
Nutritional and phenolic profiles of leaves of fifteen Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica) accessions
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nutritional and phenolic compositions of leaves of Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica) accessions grown in East Wollega Zone (Nekemte), Ethiopia. Leaves of fifteen accessions of Anchote were collected from research farm of Wollega University Ethiopia. The dried leaves of each accession were grounded separately into fine powder following standard procedures. Thereafter, the proximate, mineral, and phenolic compositions were determined according to published official standard procedures with grade chemicals and reagents. Mineral ratios were considered to examine mineral-mineral interactions and antinutrient/mineral molar ratios were calculated to predict minerals bioavailability. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analyses were conducted to characterize the accessions based on nutritional and mineral traits. Proximate compositions (% dwb) except moisture content were varied significantly (P < 0.05) and ranged: moisture 9.21–10.15, crude protein 16.88−29.84, crude fiber 8.52–12.07, crude fat 2.03–4.19, total ash 10.06–17.27, utilizable carbohydrate 37.45–46.36 and gross energy 272.67–293.11 kcal/100 g. PCA of proximate traits showed 74.15% variation for two principal components and the accessions categorized into three clusters. Mineral contents (mg/100 g dwb) were significantly varied (P < 0.05) and ranged: calcium (79.66–100.68), magnesium (31.18–68.47), sodium (41.32–71.95), potassium (71.79–111.13), phosphorus (42.07–66.9), Iron (3.68–11.51) and zinc (1.02–3.11). PCA of mineral traits showed 69.30% variation for two principal components and the accessions grouped into three clusters. Results of phenolic analyses were significantly varied (P < 0.05). Range of condensed tannin, phytate, total flavonoids and total phenols for the examined accessions were 129.0–255.32 mg/100 g, 218.46–240.67 mg/100 g, 8.03–12.74 mg/g QE, and 18.43–29.96 mg/g GAE, respectively. The study revealed that Anchote leaves contain appreciable amount of vital nutrients when compared to the commonly consumed green vegetables in Ethiopia. Particularly, those leaves of Anchote accessions that contained significantly higher amounts can be applied for breeding, new product development, and supplementation programs. Thus, the promotion of Anchote leaves for consumption and cultivation should be encouraged.
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