Therapeutic abuse of sulfonamide-based drugs on histological indices of the liver and kidney of plasmodium-infested albino mice

Abstract

Background: Sulfonamides represent a large class of antibiotics that have multiple clinical uses. However, therapeutic abuse in the treatment of multiple anti-malarial drug resistant Plamodium falciparum calls for immediate attention. Aim: This study is to investigate possible histological alteration of the liver and kidney of Plasmodium-infested mice exposed to indiscriminate consumption of sulfonamide based drugs. Methods: Thirty infested mice of both sexes, with average mean weight of 19.98g were randomly grouped as (A, B, C, D and a control group E). Graded dose of Laridox(SP) were orally administered to the mice in order of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4mg/kg body weight respectively with respect to 1.8mg/kg LD50 (oral). Commercially purchased drinking water, standard top feed(R) was given ad libitum, for 10 days. The mice were weighed before and after drug administration while the animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation on day 11. Grossing was done and was fixed in 10% buffered neutral formalin. Cut tissue at 3-5mm was processed according to paraffin embedding technique while section was cut at 3- 5microns for light microscopy. Results: Grossly, the organs of animals in group C and D showed variation in colour while empirical measurement revealed weight loss in both test and control. Histopathology findings showed inflammatory cells infiltration, congestive glomerulus, and haematoma, thickening of the interstitial cells with tubular necrosis, distortion and vacuolation of the portal vein. Conclusion: This study showed that therapeutic abuse of sulfonamide based drugs may have such cellular deleterious effect on humans in a similar circumstance.

Keywords

• maldox
• parasitaemia
• sulfa drugs
• and changing pattern