Resting state networks: review and applications of an evolving concept

Abstract

The concept of resting state networks refers to coherent fluctuations of brain activity, which appear when the subjects are not engaged in any task or superior cognitive process. Such networks have been identified in functional magnetic resonance studies and reflect a high connectivity level of the human brain. The concept has gained notoriety and has become routine among groups using functional magnetic resonance in their studies. The activity of the resting state networks has been studied in ageing, mild cognitive impairment and several neurological and psychiatric diseases. Additionally, its existence has been proved in non-human primates and rats. A general overview of the concept is presented here, as well as the acquisition and analysis tools. Moreover, some relevant evidence on this subject matter as well as its impact on several clinical entities are discussed.

Keywords

• Default-mode network
• Resting State