Incidentally Detected Anomalous Renal Arteries during Angiogram- A Case Series

Abstract

Modern medical society is witnessing increased surgeries for various renal pathologies like renal transplantation and vascular abnormalities. Anomalous origin of renal vasculature might interfere with surgical procedures and outcomes. Hence, accurate roadmap of renal vasculature is necessary for surgeons. Non invasive or minimally invasive imaging techniques help in accurate demonstration of renal vasculature and aid in minimising trauma during surgeries. Preoperative assessment of live renal donor by conventional angiography is a protocol in the Institute. A retrospective analysis of anomalous renal arteries was done in a total of 381 cases that were being done in Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) suite in Radio Diagnosis Department from 2015 to 2021. In the present case series of four patients (one male and three females), different types of anomalous renal arteries have been presented that were incidentally detected during angiograms. Single accessory renal artery was the most common finding in the present study followed by multiple accessory renal arteries. Supra-coeliac origin of right renal artery was noted in one case which was a rare finding with very few similar case reports in literature. In addition, there was an extremely rare case presentation showing bilateral lower polar accessory renal arteries. They had one common origin, arising from abdominal aorta at the level of aortic bifurcation. No similar case reports have been found in literature and probably the present one is first one of this kind. Knowledge of various anomalies is of utmost importance for the awareness of clinicians and for surgical success.

Keywords

• accessory renal artery
• anatomical variation
• kidney transplant
• organ donation
• surgery