Virulence Determinants and Antimicrobial Profiles of <i>Pasteurella multocida</i> Isolated from Cattle and Humans in Egypt
Mohamed Sabry Abd Elraheam Elsayed,
Samah Mahmoud Eldsouky,
Tamer Roshdy,
Lamia Said,
Nahed Thabet,
Tamer Allam,
A. B. Abeer Mohammed,
Ghada M. Nasr,
Mohamed S. M. Basiouny,
Behairy A. Akl,
Maha M. Nader,
Al Shaimaa Hasan,
Ahmed Salah
Affiliations
Mohamed Sabry Abd Elraheam Elsayed
Department of Bacteriology, Mycology, and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Minufiya 32897, Egypt
Samah Mahmoud Eldsouky
Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha City, Qalyubia 13511, Egypt
Tamer Roshdy
Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Minufiya 32897, Egypt
Lamia Said
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Minufiya 32897, Egypt
Nahed Thabet
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Minufiya 32897, Egypt
Tamer Allam
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Minufiya 32897, Egypt
A. B. Abeer Mohammed
Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Minufiya 32897, Egypt
Ghada M. Nasr
Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Minufiya 32897, Egypt
Mohamed S. M. Basiouny
Faculty of Biotechnology, Badr University, Badr City, Cairo 19592, Egypt
Behairy A. Akl
Microbiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
Maha M. Nader
Microbiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
Al Shaimaa Hasan
Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
Ahmed Salah
Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Minufiya 32897, Egypt
Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes drastic infections in cattle and humans. In this study, 55 isolates were recovered from 115 nasal swabs from apparently healthy and diseased cattle and humans in Minufiya and Qalyubia, Egypt. These isolates were confirmed by kmt1 existence, and molecular classification of the capsular types showed that types B, D, and E represented 23/55 (41.8%), 21/55 (38.1%), and 11/55 (20.0%), respectively. The isolates were screened for five virulence genes with hgbA, hgbB, and ptfA detected in 28/55 (50.9%), 30/55 (54.5%), and 25/55 (45.5%), respectively. We detected 17 capsular and virulence gene combinations with a discriminatory power (DI) of 0.9286; the most prevalent profiles were dcbF type D and dcbF type D, hgbA, hgbB, and ptfA, which represented 8/55 (14.5%) each. These strains exhibited high ranges of multiple antimicrobial resistance indices; the lowest resistances were against chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and levofloxacin. The macrolide–lincosamide–streptogramin B methylase gene erm(Q), with erm(42) encoding MLSB monomethyltransferase, mph(E) encoding a macrolide efflux pump, and msr(E) encoding macrolide-inactivating phosphotransferase were present. The class 1 and 2 integrons and extended-spectrum β-lactamase genes intl1, intl2, blaCTX-M, blaCTX-M-1, and blaTEM were detected. It is obvious to state that co-occurrence of resistance genes resulted in multiple drug-resistant phenotypes. The identified isolates were virulent, genetically diverse, and resistant to antimicrobials, highlighting the potential risk to livestock and humans.
