Feasibility of an exergaming training program in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A mixed method study

Abstract

Introduction Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus may benefit from exergaming training. Exergaming, technology-driven physical activities requiring participants to be physically active or exercise to play the game, allows combining cognitive with motor training. This trial aimed to primarily evaluate the feasibility of an exergame-based training protocol. Secondarily, possible effects on physical, functional, and patient-reported outcomes were explored. Methods Type 2 diabetic individuals performed an exergaming protocol on a pressure sensitive platform. After a 6-week control period, training was administered 2–3 times weekly for another six weeks for 30–60 minutes per session. Outcome variables were assessed during baseline (T0), pre-intervention (T1) and twice at postintervention (T1 and T2). An interview after completion ended the study program. Feasibility was determined by recruitment, adherence, compliance, attrition rates, motivation, satisfaction, and technology acceptance. Results Eleven of 13 participants completed the study protocol. The feasibility criteria adherence-mandatory (86.4%), adherence-voluntary (70.2%), compliance (99.7%), attrition (15.4%) rate, motivation (82%), satisfaction (80%), and technology acceptance (62.5%) were all deemed acceptable, except for the recruitment rate (13.7%). There were inconsistent effects on functional outcomes, appraisal of diabetes, and health-related quality of life. Qualitative patient-reported experience was overall positive, which is in line with the quantitative results. Conclusion The exergame-based training program is feasible and safe and type 2 diabetic participants’ acceptance of this approach was high, although the recruitment procedure needs minor changes. Furthermore, results were obtained that might be useful in selecting appropriate assessments and sample sizes in future trials.