Clinical Profile and Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Findings of Patients Presenting with Liver Cirrhosis with Portal Hypertension

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction: Liver cirrhosis of is a common problem faced by physicians in worldwide and is also responsible for 11th most common cause of death globally. Data regarding prevalence of esophageal varices and other upper gastrointestinal changed in patients with liver cirrhosis is scare in Nepal. So this study was done to find out clinical profile and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy findings of patients presenting with liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension. Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational hospital based study conducted in the department of internal medicine and endoscopy unit of the Universal College of Medical Sciences, Bhairahawa, Nepal. The study was done from 21 February 2019 to 20 November 2019 in the patients presented with liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension. The upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was done in all cases. The data was collected using the predesigned pro-forma. Results: Total 89 patients with liver cirrhosis were enrolled with mean age of 51.84±12.26 years and male : female ratio of 3.68 : 1. As per Child Pugh classification (CTP) 45 patients (51%) were in Class C, 33 patients (37%) were in Class B and 11 patients (12%) were in Class A. Esophageal Varies were present in 51 (57.3%) patients. According to Westaby classification grade I esophageal varices were seen in 17 (19,1%), grade II esophageal varices were seen in 26 (29.2%), grade III esophageal varices were in 8 (8.9%) patients. Portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG) were seen in 64 (71%) patients. Conclusions: The prevalence of esophageal varices in cirrhotics was 57% whereas PHG was seen in 71 % patients.

Keywords

• Cirrhosis of liver, Endoscopy, Esophageal varices, Portal hypertensive gastropathy