Acta Biomedica Scientifica (Apr 2013)
CURRENT ISSUES OF ANTI-EPIDEMIC READINESS OF A RUSSIAN FEDERATION REGION FOR EMERGENCY SITUATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH INFECTIOUS DISEASES DANGEROUS FOR HUMANS. REPORT 1. CONCEPTS, TERMS, DEFINITIONS
Abstract
In the last decade outbreaks and epidemics of infectious diseases dangerous for humans cause tension epidemiological situation in the world and in the Russian Federation. Epidemic manifestation of these diseases has symptoms of emergency situations and requires the use of additional forces and means of Public Health, as well as administrative, legal and financial support. The purpose of this study is formulation of the concept of "public health emergency situations associated with diseases dangerous for humans". In considering of definitions "emergency situation", "disease" and "event" in international and national law, the thesis is confirmed that epidemic manifestation of infectious diseases dangerous for humans, are signs of an emergency. In addition, the interpretation of these terms focuses on the distinction between potential risk and its actual implementation. Consequently, the threat of public health emergency situations should be viewed from the risk methodology, by which we proposed to evaluate internal and external epidemiological risks and to define its dominance for each municipality of the Russian Federation Region. Infectious diseases dangerous for humans which able to cause public health emergency situations, can be divided into three groups. 1. Diseases that form the external epidemiological risk - dangerous infectious diseases requiring measures for sanitary protection of the territory of the Russian Federation. 2. Diseases that form the internal epidemiological risk - dangerous infectious diseases, registration both single and mass indigenous events requires emergency response and using of additional forces and means of public health of the Region. 3. Infectious diseases of importance in regional pathology, prevention of which is to implement long-term programs. In the framework of this paper the definition of "public health emergency situations associated with diseases dangerous for humans" is proposed. It focuses on the feasibility of upgrading approaches to priority directions of anti-epidemic readiness of the Russian Federation Region, taking into account the probability of epidemiological risks.
