Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences (Jul 2021)

Functional Diversity of Mitochondrial Peptidyl-tRNA Hydrolase ICT1 in Human Cells

  • I.V. Chicherin,
  • I.V. Chicherin,
  • S.V. Dukhalin,
  • R.A. Khannanov,
  • M.V. Baleva,
  • S.A. Levitskii,
  • M.V. Patrushev,
  • P.V. Sergiev,
  • P.V. Sergiev,
  • P.V. Sergiev,
  • P.V. Sergiev,
  • P. Kamenski

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2021.716885
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 8

Abstract

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Mitochondria are energy producing organelles of the eukaryotic cell, involved in the synthesis of key metabolites, calcium homeostasis and apoptosis. Protein biosynthesis in these organelles is a relic of its endosymbiotic origin. While mitochondrial translational factors have homologues among prokaryotes, they possess a number of unique traits. Remarkably as many as four mammalian mitochondrial proteins possess a clear similarity with translation termination factors. The review focuses on the ICT1, which combines several functions. It is a non-canonical termination factor for protein biosynthesis, a rescue factor for stalled mitochondrial ribosomes, a structural protein and a regulator of proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis. Such a diversity of roles demonstrates the high functionality of mitochondrial translation associated proteins and their relationship with numerous processes occurring in a living cell.

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