Factors Associated with Nutritional Risk in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Structural Lung Disease: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Xiufen Wang,1– 3 Li Luo,1– 3 Dandan Zhang,1– 3 Jinghua Wang,4,5 Xianjia Ning,4,5 Yi Lin,2,3,6 Xue Ke,1– 3 Guobao Li1– 3 1Department of the Third Pulmonary Disease, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 2The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 3National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 4Center of Clinical Epidemiology, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 5Laboratory of Epidemiology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of the Second Pulmonary Disease, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Guobao Li; Xue Ke, Department of the Third Pulmonary Disease, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology & National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 29 Bulan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518112, People’s Republic of China, Tel [phone], Fax [phone], Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Patients with tuberculosis have a high nutritional risk, and patients with tuberculosis and structural lung disease have a poor quality of life. However, few studies have investigated the nutritional risk of patients with tuberculosis and structural lung disease. This study aimed to evaluate nutritional risk in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and structural lung disease and to identify factors associated with nutritional risk in this population.Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis and structural lung disease admitted to The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, China between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2021. We assessed participants’ nutritional risk using the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 tool, and analyzed the relationship between nutritional risk and sociodemographic factors, disease status, and laboratory test results.Results: Of the 415 participants, 53.5% were at nutritional risk on admission to the hospital. Nutritional risk was significantly associated with being unmarried, destroyed lung, and red blood cell (RBC) and lymphocyte counts.Conclusion: Patients with tuberculosis and structural lung disease had a high prevalence of nutritional risk. The main factors associated with nutritional risk were being unmarried, lung cavitation, and low RBC and lymphocyte counts. Patients hospitalized with pulmonary TB should be evaluated for nutritional risk. Moreover, unmarried patients and patients with lung cavitation or low RBC or lymphocyte counts should be closely monitored.Keywords: structural lung disease, nutritional risk, risk factors, pulmonary tuberculosis, destroyed lung

Keywords

• structural lung disease
• nutritional risk
• risk factors
• pulmonary tuberculosis
• destroyed lung.