Patent ductus arteriosus: peculiarities of early neonatal, postnatal diagnostics, clinical manifestations, treatment and prognosis

Abstract

The article presents the published data on the prevalence, the main clinical manifestations, and modern methods of early neonatal and postnatal diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of patent ductus arteriosus — the congenital malformation of cardiovascular system. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases version10 defines it Q25.0 Patent ductus arteriosus. Patent ductus Botalli. Botallo’s duct patency. The pre-valence of the patent ductus arteriosus is from 0.006 to 0.02 % in mature newborns, in premature newborns — from 15 to 80 %. Clinical manifestation of the malformation depends on its size, pulmonary pressure, and proportion of pulmonary and syste-mic circulation. One of the basic clinical signs of patent ductus arteriosus is permanent eddy murmur in II–III space along left sternal border. In newborns and infants and if severe pulmonary hypertension diastolic murmur can be absent while systolic and forced second sound on pulmonary artery, collapsing magnus pulse, increased pulse pressure are determined. Open ductus arteriosus is not determined auscultatory in low-weight premature children. The electrocardiograph reveals downloaded left ventricular. Echo-cardiograph images ductus arteriosis, increased left ventriclular, volume overload of left ventricular. Chest roentgenograms may reveal prominent pulmonary arterial markings, increased heart breadth due to hypertrophic left ventricular. Drug obliteration with indometacin is effective in newborns aged 2 weeks. The surgical indication is verified heart disease aged 6–12 months old. The appropriate age for surgical intervention is 2–5 years old.

Keywords

• patent ductus arteriosus
• children