HIV/AIDS: Research and Palliative Care (Jun 2023)
Factors Associated with HIV Positive Serostatus Disclosure to Sexual Partners Among Sexually Active Young People on Anti-Retroviral Therapy in Central Uganda
Abstract
David Kavuma,1– 3 Venantius Bbaale Kirwana,4,5 Mary Taani6 1Mildmay Institute of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda; 2School of Graduate Studies, Uganda Martyrs University-Nkozi, Kampala, Uganda; 3Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda; 4Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning, Sexual Reproductive Health and Rights Alliance, Kampala, Uganda; 5Makerere University School of Statistics and Applied Economics, Kampala, Uganda; 6Community Systems Strengthening, Mubende Region, Mildmay Uganda, Kampala, UgandaCorrespondence: David Kavuma, Tel +256772839416, Email [email protected]; Venantius Bbaale Kirwana, Tel +256781630721, Email [email protected]: HIV serostatus disclosure is a fundamental HIV prevention and care strategy yet with a paucity of literature. This study comprehended the factors associated with HIV serostatus disclosure to sexual partners among young people aged 15– 24 years on anti-retroviral therapy (ART).Methods: This explanatory sequential study utilized quantitative data from 238 young people who had been on ART for over 12 months and were sexually active for at least 6 months in seven districts of Central Uganda. Pearson’s Chi-square and multinomial logistic regression analysis at α=0.05 was used to determine the factors associated with serostatus disclosure among study participants. Qualitative data from 18 young people were collected using an in-depth interview guide and analyzed thematically.Results: Non-disclosure was at 26.9%, one-way disclosure was at 24.4%, and two-way disclosure was at 48.7%. Participants who contracted HIV from their partners were three times more likely (RRR=2.752; 95% CI: 1.100– 6.888) to have one-way disclosure than non-disclosure, compared to those who had a perinatal infection. Those who contracted HIV from their partners were twice more likely (RRR=2.357; 95% CI: 1.065– 5.214) to have two-way disclosure than non-disclosure, compared to those who had a perinatal infection. Participants who stayed with their partners were four times more likely (RRR=3.869; 95% CI: 1.146– 13.060) to have two-way disclosure than non-disclosure, compared to those who stayed with their parents. Young people disclosed because they were tired of secrecy and desired treatment adherence and did not disclose due to fear of stigma and losing their partners’ support.Conclusion: Many sexually active young people on ART did not disclose their HIV-positive status to sexual partners mainly due to poverty, having multiple-sexual partners, and stigma. Interventions fighting stigma, multiple-sexual relationships, and poverty among sexually active young people on ART should be strengthened.Keywords: self-disclosure, one-way disclosure, two-way disclosure, non-disclosure, stigma, ART, single-sexual partner, multiple-sexual partners
