<b>Mitochondrial D-loop sequence variation among Central Javanese Duck in Indonesia

Abstract

This study was realized to determine the genetic variation of Central Javanese duck based on the D-Loop mtDNA gene. D-loop gene was amplified using PCR technique by specific primer and sequenced using dideoxy termination method with ABI automatic sequencer. ClustalW from MEGA-6.06 software program was employed for multiple alignments of nucleotide sequences. Nucleotide sequences of D-loop gene of mtDMA from the Central Javanese duck were aligned together with other Anas isolates from Genbank using ClustalW of MEGA-6.06 program. The estimation of genetic distance and phylogenetic tree construction were analyzed by Neighbor-Joining method, whereas the calculation of distance matrix was performed using Kimura 2-parameter. Multiple alignments obtained were 720 nucleotides at position 56 to 779 at the 5 'end. The results of the polymorphism analysis on D-loop sequences produced 23 haplotypes. However, this haplotype information does not represent the relationship among the geographical origins of duck with the certain duck species name. Moreover, a total number of 32 variable sites were identified. Insertions were detected in four sequences (126, 155, 771 and 779 nucleotide number). In the phylogenetic analysis, it is safe to conclude that the Central Javanese duck is closely related to Anas platyrhynchos and Anas zonorynchos.

Keywords

• mtDNA
• D-loop
• Central Javanese duck
• genetic variation.