ESTRUS SYNCHRONIZATION APPLICATIONS UTILIZED IN RUMINANT ANIMALS: A REVIEW

Abstract

Several estrus synchronization programs for cattle utilize a variety of hormones, including progesterone, prostaglandin PGF2α, estrogen, and GnRH, either individually or in combination. The selection of the suitable estrus synchronization protocol should be based on the practicality of implementation and anticipated outcomes. It may be feasible to synchronize the estrus cycle by administering prostaglandin F2α alone. However, it is crucial to thoroughly examine the ovaries, particularly in cows, as prostaglandin PGF2α only affects the corpus Luteum during the 8-17 days of the estrus cycle. Progesterone has the potential to decrease fertility by approximately 14%. However, when exposed to progesterone for a duration of less than 14 days, it can also have more advantageous effects. Incorporating GnRH into a synchronization program that is already based on progesterone or prostaglandin helps to further enhance the synchronization of the estrus phase. GnRH is believed to aid in the coordination of the estrous cycle in ruminants, particularly following parturition. For optimal fertility during the estrus period, the utilization of novel synchronization techniques that prioritize the administration of the GnRH protocol is more advantageous. The most effective approach to achieve optimal rates of estrus synchronization is to incorporate the hormone progesterone into these protocols.   

Keywords

• vaginal sponges
• hormones
• ewes
• cattle
• goats