The Political Relations of El- Mtawla with the Surrounding Powers of Jabal Amel in the Eighteenth Century Ad

Abstract

This research paper is aimed to study and discussion constant and the Variable in the Political Mtawla relationship with Shehabeyeen , Al-Sheikh Daher Al-Omar, and Ahmad Pasha Al- Jazzar in the 18th Century. First, the study addresses the relationship between Al- Mtawla and Shehabeyeen after they have taken over leadership of Druze in Jabal Libnan after the termination of the concerned ruling family. That war was the dominant relationship between the two parties especially when the Shehabeyeen represented the Ottoman ruler in the region. The study then discusses the Mtawla relationship with Al-Sheikh Daher Al-Omar which started cautiously and stressfully then ended with strong alliance. However, it ended when the Mtawla turned down the alliance. The paper concludes with e elaboration of the Mtawla’s relationship with Al-Jazzar. That relationship went through a cooperation stage that ended with a continuous war through which Al- Jazzar could put the Mtawla under his authority throughout the 18th century. The conclusion was that the bonds that combined elements of Jabal Amel are religious rather than political ones. The research followed the historical analytical approach.

Keywords

• Mtawla
• Shehabeyeen
• Al-Sheikh Daher Al-Omar
• Ahmad Pasha Al- Jazzar
• Jabal Amel