Aligned TiO<sub>2</sub> Scaffolds in the Presence of a Galactopyranose Matrix by Sol-Gel Process
Humberto Alejandro Monreal Romero,
Teresa Pérez Piñon,
Diana Sagarnaga,
Raquel Duarte Rico,
Alfredo Nevárez Rascón,
Carlos Alberto Martínez Pérez,
Dagoberto Pérez Piñon,
Juan Pablo Flores de los Ríos,
Mario Sánchez Carrillo,
José Guadalupe Chacón-Nava
Affiliations
Humberto Alejandro Monreal Romero
Department of Biomaterials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Chihuahua (UACH), Avenue University, Chihuahua 31000, Mexico
Teresa Pérez Piñon
Department of Biomaterials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Chihuahua (UACH), Avenue University, Chihuahua 31000, Mexico
Diana Sagarnaga
Department of Biomaterials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Chihuahua (UACH), Avenue University, Chihuahua 31000, Mexico
Raquel Duarte Rico
Department of Biomaterials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Chihuahua (UACH), Avenue University, Chihuahua 31000, Mexico
Alfredo Nevárez Rascón
Department of Biomaterials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Chihuahua (UACH), Avenue University, Chihuahua 31000, Mexico
Carlos Alberto Martínez Pérez
Institute of Engineering and Technology U.A.C.J., Avenue of Charro # 610 Cd. Juárez, Chihuahua 32310, Mexico
Dagoberto Pérez Piñon
Department of Polymers and Biomaterials, University of Chihuahua (UACH), University Circuit Campus II, Chihuahua 31110, Mexico
Juan Pablo Flores de los Ríos
Department Metal-Mechanical, National Technological of Mexico-Technological Institute of Chihuahua, Technological Avenue 2909, Chihuahua 31130, Mexico
Mario Sánchez Carrillo
Department Metal-Mechanical, National Technological of Mexico-Technological Institute of Chihuahua, Technological Avenue 2909, Chihuahua 31130, Mexico
José Guadalupe Chacón-Nava
Advanced Materials Research Center, S.C. (CIMAV) and National Nanotechnology Laboratory, Avenue M. Cervantes 120, Industrial Complex Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31136, Mexico
In this work, titanium dioxide scaffolds were synthesized. Titanium isopropoxide (IV) was used as a precursor in its formation, using a polymeric network of galactopyranose as a template. The powder sample obtained was evaluated by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA-DTA). According to the results, it was found that these scaffolds can be successfully synthesized in solution using the sol-gel method. The synthesized scaffolds have diameters from 50 nm with porosity of approximately 0.3–10 nm. Important parameters, such as pH and the concentration of the metallic precursors, were optimized in this solution. The values of maximum average roughness R(max) and roughness value (Ra) were 0.50 and 1.45, respectively. XRD diffraction analysis shows the formation of crystalline phases in the TiO2 scaffold at 700 °C. The use of biological polymers represents an alternative for the synthesis of new materials at low cost, manipulating the conditions in the production processes and making the proposed system more efficient.
