The outcome and related risk factors of unvaccinated patients with end-stage kidney disease during the Omicron pandemic: a multicentre retrospective study
Jie Li,
Ling Nie,
Han Wang,
Hongwei Chen,
Jing-hong Zhao,
Jin He,
Yiqin Wang,
Lili Jiang,
Quanchao Zhang,
Caibao Lu,
Shaofa Wu,
Zhifen Wu,
Bingfeng Yang,
Shengli Liao,
Liao Wang,
Moqi Li,
Wenchang He,
Bingshuang Tang
Affiliations
Jie Li
6 Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
Ling Nie
Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
Han Wang
Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, Chonggang General Hospital, Chongqing, China
Hongwei Chen
Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
Jing-hong Zhao
Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
Jin He
Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, Chonggang General Hospital, Chongqing, China
Yiqin Wang
Peking University People`s Hospital, Beijing, China
Lili Jiang
Department of Nephrology, Youyang Hospital, A Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
Quanchao Zhang
Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
Caibao Lu
Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
Shaofa Wu
Department of Nephrology, Youyang Hospital, A Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
Zhifen Wu
Urology and Kidney Disease Center, Yongchuan People`s Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
Bingfeng Yang
Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Chong Qing Bishan District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
Shengli Liao
Hemodialysis Center, Nanchuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
Liao Wang
Hemodialysis Center, Nanchuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
Moqi Li
Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
Wenchang He
Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
Bingshuang Tang
Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Chong Qing Bishan District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
Objectives The study aims to identify the outcome and the related factors of unvaccinated patients with end-stage kidney disease during the Omicron pandemic.Design A multicentre retrospective study of patients with end-stage kidney disease undergone maintenance haemodialysis (HD) in China.Setting 6 HD centres in China.Participants A total of 654 HD patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 were ultimately included in the study.Outcome measures The primary outcomes of interest were adverse outcomes, including hospitalisation due to COVID-19 and all-cause mortality.Results The average age of the patients was 57 years, with 33.6% of them being over 65 years. Among the patients, 57.5% were male. During the follow-up period, 158 patients (24.2%) experienced adverse outcomes, and 93 patients (14.2%) died. The majority of patients (88/158) developed adverse outcomes within 30 days, and most deaths (77/93) occurred within 1 month. An advanced multivariable Cox regression analysis identified that adverse outcomes were associated with various factors while all-cause mortality was related to advanced age, male gender, high levels of C reactive protein (CRP) and low levels of prealbumin. The Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated significantly higher all-cause mortality rates in the older, male, high CRP and low prealbumin subgroups.Conclusions Among unvaccinated HD patients with confirmed Omicron infections, various factors were found to be linked to adverse outcomes. Notably, age, sex, CRP and prealbumin had a substantial impact on the risk of all-cause mortality.