Impact of a preventive cardiology clinic focusing on lifestyle and nutrition counseling: A pilot analysis

Abstract

Standard cardiology practice often defers preventive strategies to primary care providers. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a preventive cardiology clinic focused on lifestyle and nutrition counseling combined with guideline-directed medical therapy on reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We queried the University of Florida-Health database for patients enrolled in the preventive cardiology clinic, and a general and interventional cardiology clinic from January 2016 to October 2019. Mean change in weight and blood cholesterol including LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) were compared in the three clinics in the initial cohort and stratified into primary and secondary prevention. A propensity score-matched analysis was done to adjust for CVD risk factors and statin use. Among a cohort of 239 patients, enrollment in the preventive clinic (n = 99) was associated with greater weight loss at 6 months compared to other clinics (n = 140) (mean −1.7 vs +0.1 kg, p 0.007). Preventive clinic was also associated with greater mean reduction in LDL-C (−24.8 vs −7.1 mg/dl, p 0.021), TC (−29.3 vs −2.0, p 0.003) and TG (−19.7 vs +13.3, p 0.002) at both initial and last follow-up (median time 6 and 16 months). The association with reduction in TG was observed in both primary and secondary prevention, but reduction in LDL-C and TC was only significant in secondary prevention. In a propensity-matched linear regression analysis, preventive clinic was independently associated with LDL-C reduction (b −14.7, r −0.3, p 0.038). A preventive cardiology clinic focused on patient education can be effective in reducing CVD risk.

Keywords

• Diet
• Nutrition
• Lifestyle
• Prevention