Effects of Grain Sprout Fertilizer Application Rate on Yield and Its Composition of Hybrid Middle Rice–Ratoon Rice System
Fuxian Xu,
Chi Yuan,
Dong Han,
Rong Xie,
Xingbing Zhou,
Peng Jiang,
Xiaoyi Guo,
Hong Xiong,
Lin Zhang,
Changchun Guo
Affiliations
Fuxian Xu
Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agricultureand Rural Affairs, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang 618000, China
Chi Yuan
Neijiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Neijiang 641000, China
Dong Han
Yibin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yibin 644000, China
Rong Xie
Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agricultureand Rural Affairs, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang 618000, China
Xingbing Zhou
Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agricultureand Rural Affairs, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang 618000, China
Peng Jiang
Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agricultureand Rural Affairs, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang 618000, China
Xiaoyi Guo
Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agricultureand Rural Affairs, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang 618000, China
Hong Xiong
Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agricultureand Rural Affairs, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang 618000, China
Lin Zhang
Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agricultureand Rural Affairs, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang 618000, China
Changchun Guo
Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agricultureand Rural Affairs, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang 618000, China
Enhancing yield and achieving environmental goals represent challenges for the future of agriculture. Rational nitrogen (N) management is one of the most promising ways to meet this challenge. However, complicated nitrogen management strategies and considerable input requirements still exist in rice–ratoon rice production. To address this issue, field experiments were conducted with two main high-yield rice crop genotypes and five fertilization treatments at six sites in Southwest China from 2018 to 2020. The results showed the following: (1) the yield of the main rice crop was extremely significantly affected by the year, location, and fertilization, but not by genotype; (2) the yield of the ratoon rice was extremely significantly affected by year, genotype, location, and fertilization; and (3) the total plant N content (TPN) and leaf SPAD value at the full heading stage of the main crop were significantly positively correlated with the total soil N content (TSN) and soil available N (SAN) content of the basic soil. The highly efficient N application rate of grain- and bud-promoting fertilizer for ratoon rice was 60–120 kg ha−1. The TSN, SAN, TPN, and SPAD values higher than 0.247 kg N kg−1, 298 mg N kg−1, 2.159 kg N kg−1, and 49.94 were, respectively, considered the reference values when not applying grain- and bud-promoting fertilizer. A regression equation was established to predict the amount of high-efficiency grain- and bud-promoting fertilizer based on the TSN and SPAD. Overall, the yield of rice–ratoon rice was significantly affected by year, genotype, location, fertilization, and their interactions. The use of the predicted grain- and bud-promoting fertilizer regression equation can achieve high yields under simplified and reduced N input practices in the rice–ratoon rice systems.
