Мелиорация и гидротехника (Aug 2024)
Changes in fertility parameters of the alluvial soils of the reclaimed floodplain of the Desna river used as haymaking
Abstract
Purpose: to study the features of changes in agrochemical parameters of reclaimed soils of the Desna river floodplain when used as haymaking. Materials and methods. The studies were carried out on a reclaimed section of the Desna river floodplain located between communities Negotino and Ovstug, Zhukovsky district, Bryansk region. Soil samples were collected in 2005 and 2021 using the method of soil keys by genetic horizons. Agrochemical indicators were determined by generally accepted methods. Results. Monitoring observations were carried out in the reclaimed area of the Desna river floodplain. It was noted that the recommended fertilizer system is not used, liming is not carried out, and reclamation channels are not maintained in proper condition. It was shown that there was a sharp decrease in the organic matter and total nitrogen content in the humus horizon in all key areas. An ambiguous change in acidity was noted. At site R-22, a decrease in pH (KCl) down the soil profile by 0.4 and 0.1 units was noted. In the key area R-23 pH (KCl) decreased by 1.0 units in the humus horizon, for the underlying horizons by 0.8 and 1.2 units, respectively. At site R-24, acidity decreased by 0.3 and 0.4 units for horizons down the soil profile. At site R-25, the acidity in the humus horizon did not change, but in the underlying horizon there was an increase in pH (KCl) by 0.6 units. In areas R-22 and R-24, the content of mobile phosphorus compounds in the humus horizon increased from 4.8 to 22.7 % and decreased in the underlying one. At site R-23, the content of available phosphorus decreased. In the R-25 area in the humus horizon it increased by 51.6 %, in the underlying one it decreased by 58.6 %. The dynamics of the mobile potassium distribution is generally similar to that of mobile phosphorus. Conclusions: ignoring the recommendations on the fertilizer and liming system, the neglect of reclamation canals, combined with the climatic features of the observed period, led to changes in soil properties, mainly of a degradation nature.
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