Material-Dependent Formation and Degradation of Bone Matrix—Comparison of Two Cryogels

Weidong Weng; Victor Häussling; Romina H. Aspera-Werz; Fabian Springer; Helen Rinderknecht; Bianca Braun; Markus A. Küper; Andreas K. Nussler; Sabrina Ehnert

doi:10.3390/bioengineering7020052

Bioengineering (Jun 2020)

Material-Dependent Formation and Degradation of Bone Matrix—Comparison of Two Cryogels

Weidong Weng,
Victor Häussling,
Romina H. Aspera-Werz,
Fabian Springer,
Helen Rinderknecht,
Bianca Braun,
Markus A. Küper,
Andreas K. Nussler,
Sabrina Ehnert

Affiliations

Weidong Weng: Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Unfallklinik Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
Victor Häussling: Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Unfallklinik Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
Romina H. Aspera-Werz: Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Unfallklinik Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
Fabian Springer: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
Helen Rinderknecht: Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Unfallklinik Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
Bianca Braun: Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Unfallklinik Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
Markus A. Küper: Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Unfallklinik Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
Andreas K. Nussler: Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Unfallklinik Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
Sabrina Ehnert: Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Unfallklinik Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering7020052
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 7, no. 2
p. 52

Abstract

Read online

Cryogels represent ideal carriers for bone tissue engineering. We recently described the osteogenic potential of cryogels with different protein additives, e.g., platelet-rich plasma (PRP). However, these scaffolds raised concerns as different toxic substances are required for their preparation. Therefore, we developed another gelatin (GEL)-based cryogel. This study aimed to compare the two scaffolds regarding their physical characteristics and their influence on osteogenic and osteoclastic cells. Compared to the PRP scaffolds, GEL scaffolds had both larger pores and thicker walls, resulting in a lower connective density. PRP scaffolds, with crystalized calcium phosphates on the surface, were significantly stiffer but less mineralized than GEL scaffolds with hydroxyapatite incorporated within the matrix. The GEL scaffolds favored adherence and proliferation of the osteogenic SCP-1 and SaOS-2 cells. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels seemed to be induced by GEL scaffolds. Levels of other osteoblast and osteoclast markers were comparable between the two scaffolds. After 14 days, mineral content and stiffness of the cryogels were increased by SCP-1 and SaOS-2 cells, especially of PRP scaffolds. THP-1 cell-derived osteoclastic cells only reduced mineral content and stiffness of PRP cryogels. In summary, both scaffolds present powerful advantages; however, the possibility to altered mineral content and stiffness may be decisive when it comes to using PRP or GEL scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.

Published in Bioengineering

ISSN: 2306-5354 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Technology; Science: Biology (General)
Website: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/bioengineering

About the journal

Abstract

Keywords