Molecular Evaluation of Kyoho Grape Leaf and Berry Characteristics Influenced by Different NPK Fertilizers

Muhammad Fiaz; Chen Wang; Muhammad Zia Ul Haq; Muhammad Salman Haider; Ting Zheng; Ge Mengqing; Haifeng Jia; Songtao Jiu; Jinggui Fang

doi:10.3390/plants10081578

Plants (Jul 2021)

Molecular Evaluation of Kyoho Grape Leaf and Berry Characteristics Influenced by Different NPK Fertilizers

Muhammad Fiaz,
Chen Wang,
Muhammad Zia Ul Haq,
Muhammad Salman Haider,
Ting Zheng,
Ge Mengqing,
Haifeng Jia,
Songtao Jiu,
Jinggui Fang

Affiliations

Muhammad Fiaz: Key Laboratory of Genetics and Fruit Development, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Chen Wang: Key Laboratory of Genetics and Fruit Development, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Muhammad Zia Ul Haq: Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Muhammad Salman Haider: Key Laboratory of Genetics and Fruit Development, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Ting Zheng: Key Laboratory of Genetics and Fruit Development, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Ge Mengqing: Key Laboratory of Genetics and Fruit Development, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Haifeng Jia: Key Laboratory of Genetics and Fruit Development, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Songtao Jiu: Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Jinggui Fang: Key Laboratory of Genetics and Fruit Development, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10081578
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 10, no. 8
p. 1578

Abstract

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Fertilization, a fundamental aspect of a plant’s life, has been of great concern for agricultural specialists to minimize the yield gap between actual and potential yield. Around the globe, fertilizers with different NPK ratios are being used to attain a better yield of grape. To find the suitable commercially available fertilizer for quality grape production, a 2 years (2017–2018) study was conducted for the evaluation of 10 fertilizers with different NPK ratios. Commercial fertilizers included were Zhanlan (16:16:16), Garsoni (15:15:15), Acron (16:16:16), Norway (21:7:12), Peters 1 (30:10:10), Nutrivant (14:14:30), Peters 2 (20:20:20), UMAX (15:15:15), G2 (20:20:20), and Yara (15:15:15). The fertilizer application rate was 20 g plant−1, and each was applied at L-29, L-33, and L-36 phenological stages. Chlorophylls, carotenoids, macro/micronutrients in leaf, and anthocyanin derivatives in grape peel were evaluated. Expression levels of 24 genes, including nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, and anthocyanin pathways in leaf, peel, and pulp were validated by qPCR at L-29, L-33, and L-36 stages. Results indicated that Norway (21:7:12) and Peters 1 (30:10:10) increased carotenoids, chlorophylls, and anthocyanins in leaves, while Zhanlan (16:16:16) improved fruit biochemical attributes, and anthocyanin (cyanidin, delphinidin, petunidin, malvidin, peonidin, and pelargonidin contents). However, a better grape yield was obtained by the application of Peters 1 (30:10:10). Potassium pathway genes were upregulated by Nutrivant (14:14:30), phosphorous pathway genes by Peters 2 (20:20:20), and nitrogen pathway genes by Peters 1 (30:10:10), while Nutrivant (14:14:30) upregulated anthocyanin pathway genes and simultaneously enhanced anthocyanin biosynthesis in berry peels. Results of two years’ study concluded that Peters 1 (30:10:10) was proved better to increase yield, while Zhanlan (14:14:30) was superior in improving anthocyanin biosynthesis.

Published in Plants

ISSN: 2223-7747 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Science: Botany
Website: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/plants

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