Role of Diet in Renal Stone Disease in Indian Population: A Case Control Study

Abstract

Background: Renal stone is a multifactorial disease with major risk factors of genetic, demographic, environmental, diet, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. This study was conducted to determine the role of diet in renal stone disease and to identify the disease risk factors.Methods: A case control study was conducted among renal stone patients attending a tertiary hospital, East Delhi, India. Data collection was done using a questionnaire for demographic profle and food frequency questionnaire. Daily intake of calories, proteins, carbohydrates, calcium, oxalate, fber, and salts were determined between cases and controls.Results: The mean age was 34.4 years and the median energy intake was 1176.43 kcal/day. Daily median consumption of carbohydrate, protein, fat, and fber among patients with renal stone was 233.96, 47.20, 10.16, and 6.37 g, respectively. Almost 90% of patients had calcium intake of overweight patients and the protein, potassium, and calcium consumption was higher among males.Conclusion: The daily intake of dietary components was widely distributed in renal stone patients. No clear trends were defned. Intake of calcium and water was less among patients. Further dietary interventional studies among the population with diverse dietary patterns can provide more evidence.

Keywords

• renal stone
• diet
• calcium oxalate
• nutrition
• india